Science GLE K-5

Component 1.1 Properties: Understand how properties are used to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects and how characteristics are used to categorize living things.

Physical Systems

Understand how to use physical and chemical properties to sort and identify substances including boiling point, density, freezing point, mass, acidity (pH), and solubility.

§   Identify, categorize, or describe substances using physical and/or chemical properties including boiling point, density, freezing point, mass, acidity( pH), and solubility.

§   Use the properties of an unknown substance to identify the substance.

§   Recognize that the mass of an object is the same when measured anywhere in the universe at any normal speed.

§   Describe why substances with the same volume may have different densities.

§   Know the volumetric properties of a solid, liquid and gas (e.g., fills its container).

§   Explain why substances with the same mass may have different densities.

Understand the atomic nature of matter, how it relates to physical and chemical properties, and serves as the basis for the structure and use of the Periodic Table.

§   Identify or describe how changing the number of electrons, neutrons, and/or protons of an atom affects that atom including atomic name and number.

§   Identify, describe, or explain the properties shared by elements in a vertical column (groups or families) of the periodic table.

§   Predict the properties of an element based on the element’s location (groups or families) on the periodic table.

§   Identify an unknown substance using the substance’s physical and/or chemical properties.

§   Explain or predict the behavior of a substance based upon its physical and/or chemical properties.

§   Describe how changing the number of electrons, neutrons, protons affects that atom including atomic name and number.

§   Predict and explain the properties of elements based on the elements’ location (groups or families) on the Periodic Table.

Properties of Substances

Understand the positions, relative speeds, and changes in speed of objects.

§   Identify or describe the relative position or change of position of one or two objects.

§   Identify or describe the speed of an object relative to the speed of another object.

§   Identify, describe or explain an objects’ motion as speeding up slowing down or moving with constant speed using models, numbers, words, diagrams, or graphs.

§   Measure and describe the relative position or change in position of one or two objects.

§   Measure and describe the speed of an object relative to the speed of another object.

Apply an understanding of direction, speed, and acceleration when describing the linear motion of objects.

§   Determine the average speed of an object during a given interval of time.

§   Describe the motion (speed, direction, and acceleration) of an object during a given time interval relative to Earth or some other object.

§   Identify, describe, or determine the average speed of an object during a given time interval moving in a straight line.

§   Identify, describe, or determine the acceleration of an object during a given time interval moving in a straight line.

Motion of Objects

		Component 1.1 Properties: Understand how properties are used to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects and how characteristics are used to categorize living things.
Physical Systems	GLE	K	1	2	3	4	5
	1.1.1	Understand simple properties of familiar natural and manufactured materials and objects. § Identify and describe a property of an object. § Sort familiar materials and objects using a simple property (e.g., texture, color, size, shape). § Sort familiar objects by multiple simple properties (e.g., texture and color; size and shape). § Identify and describe the differences between familiar natural and manufactured materials and objects using properties.			Understand how to use properties to sort natural and manufactured materials and objects including color, hardness, shape, size, state, temperature, texture, and weight. § Identify, describe, and/or sort objects and materials, using physical properties such as color, hardness, shape, size, smell temperature, texture, and weight. § Sort and classify unfamiliar natural and manufactured materials and objects according to various physical properties (e.g., length, weight, hardness, and temperature, color, shape, texture, smell). § Explain how materials and objects can be described using observations. § Know the volumetric properties of solids and liquids (e.g., fills its container).
	Properties of Substances
	1.1.2	Understand the relative position and motion of familiar objects. § Describe the position of one object relative to another or to surroundings using positional language (e.g., up, down, behind, above, in front). § Describe the position of an object in relation to another object on a distance scale laid out in units. (e.g., steps or cm). § Measure and compare the distance traveled by two objects in the same amount of time. (e.g., minutes, faster, slower, further and closer).			Understand the relative position and motion of objects. § Identify or describe the position of one object relative to another object (or surroundings) using positional language (such as in front of, behind, to the left, to the right, above, and below) and/or a distance scale (such as centimeters). § Identify or describe the motion of an object as the object travels in a straight line in terms of distance, time, and/or direction. § Describe the distance traveled by two objects moving differently along a straight line in the same amount of time.
	Motion of Objects

		Component 1.1 Properties: Understand how properties are used to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects and how characteristics are used to categorize living things.
Physical Systems	GLE	K	1	2	3	4	5
	1.1.3	Know that sound is caused by vibrations and that light bounces off or passes through objects. § Recognize that vibrations cause sound. § Describe the behavior of light when it hits different surfaces (e.g., bounces off or passes through).			Understand the behavior of sound waves in terms of vibrations and pitch. Understand the behavior of light waves in terms of bouncing off, passing through, and changes in direction. § Experience, describe and explain the relationship between the pitch of a sound and the vibrations of the object causing the sound. § Identify and describe experiences with sound including vibrations, echoes, and pitch. § Identify, describe, or explain the relationship between pitch of a sound and the vibrations of the object that caused the sound. § Identify or describe the motion of light waves as light bounces of or passes through an object. § Identify or describe the motion of light waves as light changes direction when passing through an object.
	Wave Behavior
	1.1.4	Understand that energy keeps things running and comes in many forms. Evidence of Learning: • Identify and state the source of energy for a system (e.g., sunlight for plants, gas for cars, electricity for lights, food for animals). § Explain that the sun warms the land, air and water.			Understand that energy keeps things running and comes in many forms. § Describe the forms of energy present in a system (e.g., heat of hot water, light from the sun, electrical in a circuit sound from a bell; stored (potential) energy in battery, or energy of motion (kinetic). § Explain that energy keeps the system running (e.g., moving, making sound, working, playing).
	Energy Sources and Kinds

		Component 1.1 Properties: Understand how properties are used to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and objects and how characteristics are used to categorize living things.
	GLE	K	1	2	3	4	5
Earth and Space Systems	1.1.5	Understand physical properties of Earth materials and air. § Sort rocks based on size, shape, and other physical properties (e.g., color, texture). § Illustrate and tell about the properties of water as a solid, liquid, and gas.			Understand physical properties of Earth materials including rocks, soil, water, and air. § Sort and describe rocks and soils based on physical properties (e.g., color, shape, size, texture). § Describe how the physical properties of soil support plant growth (e.g., retain water, supply nutrients). § Identify and describe water’s state in the three phases of matter as solid, liquid, and gas in different situations.
	Nature and Properties of Earth Materials
Living Systems	1.1.6	Understand how to sort familiar living and nonliving things. § Identify observable characteristics of living organisms. § Sort objects and organisms based on whether they are living or nonliving. § Sort common organisms into plant and animal groups by using characteristics of living things.			Understand how to distinguish living organisms from non living objects, and how to use characteristics to sort common organisms into plant and animal groups. § Identify or describe the characteristics of living organisms. § Classify objects and organisms based on whether they have the characteristics of living things. § Sort common organisms into plant and animal groups by using characteristics of living things.
	Characteristics of Living Matter

Component 1.2 Structures: Understand how components, structures, organizations, and interconnections describe systems.

Systems Structure

GLE

1.2.1

Understand that familiar things are made of parts.

§ Identify the parts of a familiar object (e.g., toys with moving parts, familiar plants or animals found in the classroom or at home).

Understand that familiar things are made of parts.